3. File System vs DBMS

1. File System:
File systems organize data in a hierarchical structure of directories and files, typically suitable for simple data storage and retrieval but lack advanced data management capabilities like data relationships and efficient querying.

2. DBMS (Database Management System):
DBMS, on the other hand, offers a structured approach to data storage, enabling complex data modeling, relationships, and efficient querying through the use of tables and a query language (e.g., SQL). It provides features like data integrity, security, and transaction management, making it more suitable for managing large and structured datasets in applications where data relationships and integrity are crucial.